<!doctype html>
<html style='font-size:16px !important'>
<head>
<meta charset='UTF-8'><meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width initial-scale=1'>

<link href='https://fonts.loli.net/css?family=Open+Sans:400italic,700italic,700,400&subset=latin,latin-ext' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /><style type='text/css'>html {overflow-x: initial !important;}:root { --mermaid-theme: default; --mermaid-sequence-numbers: off; --mermaid-flowchart-curve: linear; --mermaid--gantt-left-padding: 75; --sequence-theme: simple; }


:root { --bg-color:#ffffff; --text-color:#333333; --select-text-bg-color:#B5D6FC; --select-text-font-color:auto; --monospace:"Lucida Console",Consolas,"Courier",monospace; --title-bar-height:20px; }
.mac-os-11 { --title-bar-height:28px; }
html { font-size: 14px; background-color: var(--bg-color); color: var(--text-color); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
body { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; height: auto; inset: 0px; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.42857; overflow-x: hidden; background: inherit; tab-size: 4; }
iframe { margin: auto; }
a.url { word-break: break-all; }
a:active, a:hover { outline: 0px; }
.in-text-selection, ::selection { text-shadow: none; background: var(--select-text-bg-color); color: var(--select-text-font-color); }
#write { margin: 0px auto; height: auto; width: inherit; word-break: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative; white-space: normal; overflow-x: visible; padding-top: 36px; }
#write.first-line-indent p { text-indent: 2em; }
#write.first-line-indent li p, #write.first-line-indent p * { text-indent: 0px; }
#write.first-line-indent li { margin-left: 2em; }
.for-image #write { padding-left: 8px; padding-right: 8px; }
body.typora-export { padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 30px; }
.typora-export .footnote-line, .typora-export li, .typora-export p { white-space: pre-wrap; }
.typora-export .task-list-item input { pointer-events: none; }
@media screen and (max-width: 500px) {
  body.typora-export { padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; }
  #write { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; }
  .CodeMirror-sizer { margin-left: 0px !important; }
  .CodeMirror-gutters { display: none !important; }
}
#write li > figure:last-child { margin-bottom: 0.5rem; }
#write ol, #write ul { position: relative; }
img { max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; image-orientation: from-image; }
button, input, select, textarea { color: inherit; font: inherit; }
input[type="checkbox"], input[type="radio"] { line-height: normal; padding: 0px; }
*, ::after, ::before { box-sizing: border-box; }
#write h1, #write h2, #write h3, #write h4, #write h5, #write h6, #write p, #write pre { width: inherit; }
#write h1, #write h2, #write h3, #write h4, #write h5, #write h6, #write p { position: relative; }
p { line-height: inherit; }
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { break-after: avoid-page; break-inside: avoid; orphans: 4; }
p { orphans: 4; }
h1 { font-size: 2rem; }
h2 { font-size: 1.8rem; }
h3 { font-size: 1.6rem; }
h4 { font-size: 1.4rem; }
h5 { font-size: 1.2rem; }
h6 { font-size: 1rem; }
.md-math-block, .md-rawblock, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p { margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.hidden { display: none; }
.md-blockmeta { color: rgb(204, 204, 204); font-weight: 700; font-style: italic; }
a { cursor: pointer; }
sup.md-footnote { padding: 2px 4px; background-color: rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.7); color: rgb(85, 85, 85); border-radius: 4px; cursor: pointer; }
sup.md-footnote a, sup.md-footnote a:hover { color: inherit; text-transform: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; }
#write input[type="checkbox"] { cursor: pointer; width: inherit; height: inherit; }
figure { overflow-x: auto; margin: 1.2em 0px; max-width: calc(100% + 16px); padding: 0px; }
figure > table { margin: 0px; }
tr { break-inside: avoid; break-after: auto; }
thead { display: table-header-group; }
table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; width: 100%; overflow: auto; break-inside: auto; text-align: left; }
table.md-table td { min-width: 32px; }
.CodeMirror-gutters { border-right: 0px; background-color: inherit; }
.CodeMirror-linenumber { user-select: none; }
.CodeMirror { text-align: left; }
.CodeMirror-placeholder { opacity: 0.3; }
.CodeMirror pre { padding: 0px 4px; }
.CodeMirror-lines { padding: 0px; }
div.hr:focus { cursor: none; }
#write pre { white-space: pre-wrap; }
#write.fences-no-line-wrapping pre { white-space: pre; }
#write pre.ty-contain-cm { white-space: normal; }
.CodeMirror-gutters { margin-right: 4px; }
.md-fences { font-size: 0.9rem; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; overflow: visible; white-space: pre; background: inherit; position: relative !important; }
.md-fences-adv-panel { width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; text-align: center; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 8px; overflow-x: auto; }
#write .md-fences.mock-cm { white-space: pre-wrap; }
.md-fences.md-fences-with-lineno { padding-left: 0px; }
#write.fences-no-line-wrapping .md-fences.mock-cm { white-space: pre; overflow-x: auto; }
.md-fences.mock-cm.md-fences-with-lineno { padding-left: 8px; }
.CodeMirror-line, twitterwidget { break-inside: avoid; }
.footnotes { opacity: 0.8; font-size: 0.9rem; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; }
.footnotes + .footnotes { margin-top: 0px; }
.md-reset { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: top; background: 0px 0px; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; float: none; position: static; width: auto; height: auto; white-space: nowrap; cursor: inherit; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; line-height: normal; font-weight: 400; text-align: left; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; }
li div { padding-top: 0px; }
blockquote { margin: 1rem 0px; }
li .mathjax-block, li p { margin: 0.5rem 0px; }
li blockquote { margin: 1rem 0px; }
li { margin: 0px; position: relative; }
blockquote > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0px; }
blockquote > :first-child, li > :first-child { margin-top: 0px; }
.footnotes-area { color: rgb(136, 136, 136); margin-top: 0.714rem; padding-bottom: 0.143rem; white-space: normal; }
#write .footnote-line { white-space: pre-wrap; }
@media print {
  body, html { border: 1px solid transparent; height: 99%; break-after: avoid; break-before: avoid; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; }
  #write { margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; border-color: transparent !important; }
  .typora-export * { -webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; }
  .typora-export #write { break-after: avoid; }
  .typora-export #write::after { height: 0px; }
  .is-mac table { break-inside: avoid; }
  .typora-export-show-outline .typora-export-sidebar { display: none; }
}
.footnote-line { margin-top: 0.714em; font-size: 0.7em; }
a img, img a { cursor: pointer; }
pre.md-meta-block { font-size: 0.8rem; min-height: 0.8rem; white-space: pre-wrap; background: rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; overflow-x: hidden; }
p > .md-image:only-child:not(.md-img-error) img, p > img:only-child { display: block; margin: auto; }
#write.first-line-indent p > .md-image:only-child:not(.md-img-error) img { left: -2em; position: relative; }
p > .md-image:only-child { display: inline-block; width: 100%; }
#write .MathJax_Display { margin: 0.8em 0px 0px; }
.md-math-block { width: 100%; }
.md-math-block:not(:empty)::after { display: none; }
.MathJax_ref { fill: currentcolor; }
[contenteditable="true"]:active, [contenteditable="true"]:focus, [contenteditable="false"]:active, [contenteditable="false"]:focus { outline: 0px; box-shadow: none; }
.md-task-list-item { position: relative; list-style-type: none; }
.task-list-item.md-task-list-item { padding-left: 0px; }
.md-task-list-item > input { position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin-left: -1.2em; margin-top: calc(1em - 10px); border: none; }
.math { font-size: 1rem; }
.md-toc { min-height: 3.58rem; position: relative; font-size: 0.9rem; border-radius: 10px; }
.md-toc-content { position: relative; margin-left: 0px; }
.md-toc-content::after, .md-toc::after { display: none; }
.md-toc-item { display: block; color: rgb(65, 131, 196); }
.md-toc-item a { text-decoration: none; }
.md-toc-inner:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.md-toc-inner { display: inline-block; cursor: pointer; }
.md-toc-h1 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 0px; font-weight: 700; }
.md-toc-h2 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 2em; }
.md-toc-h3 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 4em; }
.md-toc-h4 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 6em; }
.md-toc-h5 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 8em; }
.md-toc-h6 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 10em; }
@media screen and (max-width: 48em) {
  .md-toc-h3 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 3.5em; }
  .md-toc-h4 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 5em; }
  .md-toc-h5 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 6.5em; }
  .md-toc-h6 .md-toc-inner { margin-left: 8em; }
}
a.md-toc-inner { font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; }
.footnote-line a:not(.reversefootnote) { color: inherit; }
.md-attr { display: none; }
.md-fn-count::after { content: "."; }
code, pre, samp, tt { font-family: var(--monospace); }
kbd { margin: 0px 0.1em; padding: 0.1em 0.6em; font-size: 0.8em; color: rgb(36, 39, 41); background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 1px solid rgb(173, 179, 185); border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: rgba(12, 13, 14, 0.2) 0px 1px 0px, rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 0px 2px inset; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: middle; }
.md-comment { color: rgb(162, 127, 3); opacity: 0.6; font-family: var(--monospace); }
code { text-align: left; vertical-align: initial; }
a.md-print-anchor { white-space: pre !important; border-width: initial !important; border-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; display: inline-block !important; position: absolute !important; width: 1px !important; right: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; background: 0px 0px !important; text-decoration: initial !important; text-shadow: initial !important; }
.os-windows.monocolor-emoji .md-emoji { font-family: "Segoe UI Symbol", sans-serif; }
.md-diagram-panel > svg { max-width: 100%; }
[lang="flow"] svg, [lang="mermaid"] svg { max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
[lang="mermaid"] .node text { font-size: 1rem; }
table tr th { border-bottom: 0px; }
video { max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 0px auto; }
iframe { max-width: 100%; width: 100%; border: none; }
.highlight td, .highlight tr { border: 0px; }
mark { background: rgb(255, 255, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); }
.md-html-inline .md-plain, .md-html-inline strong, mark .md-inline-math, mark strong { color: inherit; }
.md-expand mark .md-meta { opacity: 0.3 !important; }
mark .md-meta { color: rgb(0, 0, 0); }
@media print {
  .typora-export h1, .typora-export h2, .typora-export h3, .typora-export h4, .typora-export h5, .typora-export h6 { break-inside: avoid; }
}
.md-diagram-panel .messageText { stroke: none !important; }
.md-diagram-panel .start-state { fill: var(--node-fill); }
.md-diagram-panel .edgeLabel rect { opacity: 1 !important; }
.md-fences.md-fences-math { font-size: 1em; }
.md-fences-advanced:not(.md-focus) { padding: 0px; white-space: nowrap; border: 0px; }
.md-fences-advanced:not(.md-focus) { background: inherit; }
.typora-export-show-outline .typora-export-content { max-width: 1440px; margin: auto; display: flex; flex-direction: row; }
.typora-export-sidebar { width: 300px; font-size: 0.8rem; margin-top: 80px; margin-right: 18px; }
.typora-export-show-outline #write { --webkit-flex:2; flex: 2 1 0%; }
.typora-export-sidebar .outline-content { position: fixed; top: 0px; max-height: 100%; overflow: hidden auto; padding-bottom: 30px; padding-top: 60px; width: 300px; }
@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
  .typora-export-sidebar, .typora-export-sidebar .outline-content { width: 240px; }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 800px) {
  .typora-export-sidebar { display: none; }
}
.outline-content li, .outline-content ul { margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; list-style: none; }
.outline-content ul { margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; }
.outline-content strong { font-weight: 400; }
.outline-expander { width: 1rem; height: 1.42857rem; position: relative; display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; cursor: pointer; padding-left: 4px; }
.outline-expander::before { content: ""; position: relative; font-family: Ionicons; display: inline-block; font-size: 8px; vertical-align: middle; }
.outline-item { padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px; cursor: pointer; }
.outline-expander:hover::before { content: ""; }
.outline-h1 > .outline-item { padding-left: 0px; }
.outline-h2 > .outline-item { padding-left: 1em; }
.outline-h3 > .outline-item { padding-left: 2em; }
.outline-h4 > .outline-item { padding-left: 3em; }
.outline-h5 > .outline-item { padding-left: 4em; }
.outline-h6 > .outline-item { padding-left: 5em; }
.outline-label { cursor: pointer; display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; text-decoration: none; color: inherit; }
.outline-label:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.outline-item:hover { border-color: rgb(245, 245, 245); background-color: var(--item-hover-bg-color); }
.outline-item:hover { margin-left: -28px; margin-right: -28px; border-left: 28px solid transparent; border-right: 28px solid transparent; }
.outline-item-single .outline-expander::before, .outline-item-single .outline-expander:hover::before { display: none; }
.outline-item-open > .outline-item > .outline-expander::before { content: ""; }
.outline-children { display: none; }
.info-panel-tab-wrapper { display: none; }
.outline-item-open > .outline-children { display: block; }
.typora-export .outline-item { padding-top: 1px; padding-bottom: 1px; }
.typora-export .outline-item:hover { margin-right: -8px; border-right: 8px solid transparent; }
.typora-export .outline-expander::before { content: "+"; font-family: inherit; top: -1px; }
.typora-export .outline-expander:hover::before, .typora-export .outline-item-open > .outline-item > .outline-expander::before { content: "−"; }
.typora-export-collapse-outline .outline-children { display: none; }
.typora-export-collapse-outline .outline-item-open > .outline-children, .typora-export-no-collapse-outline .outline-children { display: block; }
.typora-export-no-collapse-outline .outline-expander::before { content: "" !important; }
.typora-export-show-outline .outline-item-active > .outline-item .outline-label { font-weight: 700; }
.md-inline-math-container mjx-container { zoom: 0.95; }


.CodeMirror { height: auto; }
.CodeMirror.cm-s-inner { background: inherit; }
.CodeMirror-scroll { overflow: auto hidden; z-index: 3; }
.CodeMirror-gutter-filler, .CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler { background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); }
.CodeMirror-gutters { border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); background: inherit; white-space: nowrap; }
.CodeMirror-linenumber { padding: 0px 3px 0px 5px; text-align: right; color: rgb(153, 153, 153); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-keyword { color: rgb(119, 0, 136); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-atom, .cm-s-inner.cm-atom { color: rgb(34, 17, 153); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-number { color: rgb(17, 102, 68); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-def { color: rgb(0, 0, 255); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-variable { color: rgb(0, 0, 0); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-variable-2 { color: rgb(0, 85, 170); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-variable-3 { color: rgb(0, 136, 85); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-string { color: rgb(170, 17, 17); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-property { color: rgb(0, 0, 0); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-operator { color: rgb(152, 26, 26); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-comment, .cm-s-inner.cm-comment { color: rgb(170, 85, 0); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-string-2 { color: rgb(255, 85, 0); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-meta { color: rgb(85, 85, 85); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-qualifier { color: rgb(85, 85, 85); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-builtin { color: rgb(51, 0, 170); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-bracket { color: rgb(153, 153, 119); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-tag { color: rgb(17, 119, 0); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-attribute { color: rgb(0, 0, 204); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-header, .cm-s-inner.cm-header { color: rgb(0, 0, 255); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-quote, .cm-s-inner.cm-quote { color: rgb(0, 153, 0); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-hr, .cm-s-inner.cm-hr { color: rgb(153, 153, 153); }
.cm-s-inner .cm-link, .cm-s-inner.cm-link { color: rgb(0, 0, 204); }
.cm-negative { color: rgb(221, 68, 68); }
.cm-positive { color: rgb(34, 153, 34); }
.cm-header, .cm-strong { font-weight: 700; }
.cm-del { text-decoration: line-through; }
.cm-em { font-style: italic; }
.cm-link { text-decoration: underline; }
.cm-error { color: red; }
.cm-invalidchar { color: red; }
.cm-constant { color: rgb(38, 139, 210); }
.cm-defined { color: rgb(181, 137, 0); }
div.CodeMirror span.CodeMirror-matchingbracket { color: rgb(0, 255, 0); }
div.CodeMirror span.CodeMirror-nonmatchingbracket { color: rgb(255, 34, 34); }
.cm-s-inner .CodeMirror-activeline-background { background: inherit; }
.CodeMirror { position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.CodeMirror-scroll { height: 100%; outline: 0px; position: relative; box-sizing: content-box; background: inherit; }
.CodeMirror-sizer { position: relative; }
.CodeMirror-gutter-filler, .CodeMirror-hscrollbar, .CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler, .CodeMirror-vscrollbar { position: absolute; z-index: 6; display: none; outline: 0px; }
.CodeMirror-vscrollbar { right: 0px; top: 0px; overflow: hidden; }
.CodeMirror-hscrollbar { bottom: 0px; left: 0px; overflow: auto hidden; }
.CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler { right: 0px; bottom: 0px; }
.CodeMirror-gutter-filler { left: 0px; bottom: 0px; }
.CodeMirror-gutters { position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px; z-index: 3; overflow-y: hidden; }
.CodeMirror-gutter { white-space: normal; height: 100%; box-sizing: content-box; padding-bottom: 30px; margin-bottom: -32px; display: inline-block; }
.CodeMirror-gutter-wrapper { position: absolute; z-index: 4; background: 0px 0px !important; border: none !important; }
.CodeMirror-gutter-background { position: absolute; top: 0px; bottom: 0px; z-index: 4; }
.CodeMirror-gutter-elt { position: absolute; cursor: default; z-index: 4; }
.CodeMirror-lines { cursor: text; }
.CodeMirror pre { border-radius: 0px; border-width: 0px; background: 0px 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; margin: 0px; white-space: pre; overflow-wrap: normal; color: inherit; z-index: 2; position: relative; overflow: visible; }
.CodeMirror-wrap pre { overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: normal; }
.CodeMirror-code pre { border-right: 30px solid transparent; width: fit-content; }
.CodeMirror-wrap .CodeMirror-code pre { border-right: none; width: auto; }
.CodeMirror-linebackground { position: absolute; inset: 0px; z-index: 0; }
.CodeMirror-linewidget { position: relative; z-index: 2; overflow: auto; }
.CodeMirror-wrap .CodeMirror-scroll { overflow-x: hidden; }
.CodeMirror-measure { position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; visibility: hidden; }
.CodeMirror-measure pre { position: static; }
.CodeMirror div.CodeMirror-cursor { position: absolute; visibility: hidden; border-right: none; width: 0px; }
.CodeMirror div.CodeMirror-cursor { visibility: hidden; }
.CodeMirror-focused div.CodeMirror-cursor { visibility: inherit; }
.cm-searching { background: rgba(255, 255, 0, 0.4); }
span.cm-underlined { text-decoration: underline; }
span.cm-strikethrough { text-decoration: line-through; }
.cm-tw-syntaxerror { color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(153, 0, 0); }
.cm-tw-deleted { text-decoration: line-through; }
.cm-tw-header5 { font-weight: 700; }
.cm-tw-listitem:first-child { padding-left: 10px; }
.cm-tw-box { border-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 1px; border-color: inherit; border-top-width: 0px !important; }
.cm-tw-underline { text-decoration: underline; }
@media print {
  .CodeMirror div.CodeMirror-cursor { visibility: hidden; }
}


:root {
    --side-bar-bg-color: #fafafa;
    --control-text-color: #777;
}

@include-when-export url(https://fonts.loli.net/css?family=Open+Sans:400italic,700italic,700,400&subset=latin,latin-ext);

/* open-sans-regular - latin-ext_latin */
  /* open-sans-italic - latin-ext_latin */
    /* open-sans-700 - latin-ext_latin */
    /* open-sans-700italic - latin-ext_latin */
  html {
    font-size: 16px;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

body {
    font-family: "Open Sans","Clear Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, 'Segoe UI Emoji', sans-serif;
    color: rgb(51, 51, 51);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

#write {
    max-width: 860px;
  	margin: 0 auto;
  	padding: 30px;
    padding-bottom: 100px;
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 1400px) {
	#write {
		max-width: 1024px;
	}
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 1800px) {
	#write {
		max-width: 1200px;
	}
}

#write > ul:first-child,
#write > ol:first-child{
    margin-top: 30px;
}

a {
    color: #4183C4;
}
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
    position: relative;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    line-height: 1.4;
    cursor: text;
}
h1:hover a.anchor,
h2:hover a.anchor,
h3:hover a.anchor,
h4:hover a.anchor,
h5:hover a.anchor,
h6:hover a.anchor {
    text-decoration: none;
}
h1 tt,
h1 code {
    font-size: inherit;
}
h2 tt,
h2 code {
    font-size: inherit;
}
h3 tt,
h3 code {
    font-size: inherit;
}
h4 tt,
h4 code {
    font-size: inherit;
}
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<div id='write'  class=''><h1 id='云计算基础----虚拟化技术'><span>云计算基础 -- 虚拟化技术</span></h1><div class='md-toc' mdtype='toc'><p class="md-toc-content" role="list"><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h1" data-ref="n0"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#云计算基础----虚拟化技术">云计算基础 -- 虚拟化技术</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h2" data-ref="n3"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#虚拟化平台安装">虚拟化平台安装</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h3" data-ref="n5"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#虚拟化实验图例">虚拟化实验图例</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h3" data-ref="n7"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#验证虚拟化支持">验证虚拟化支持</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h3" data-ref="n12"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#安装虚拟化平台">安装虚拟化平台</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h4" data-ref="n13"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#1安装-libvirtd-服务">1、安装 libvirtd 服务</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h4" data-ref="n15"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#2创建网桥">2、创建网桥 </a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h2" data-ref="n17"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#linux虚拟机">Linux虚拟机</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h3" data-ref="n18"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#虚拟机磁盘row图例">虚拟机磁盘ROW图例</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h3" data-ref="n20"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#创建虚拟机磁盘">创建虚拟机磁盘  </a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h3" data-ref="n23"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#虚拟机配置文件">虚拟机配置文件</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h3" data-ref="n26"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#创建虚拟机">创建虚拟机</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h3" data-ref="n28"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#常用管理命令">常用管理命令</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h2" data-ref="n84"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#公有云简介">公有云简介</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h3" data-ref="n85"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#云服务的三大模式">云服务的三大模式：</a></span><span role="listitem" class="md-toc-item md-toc-h3" data-ref="n87"><a class="md-toc-inner" href="#公有云私有云混合云">公有云、私有云、混合云：</a></span></p></div><h2 id='虚拟化平台安装'><span>虚拟化平台安装</span></h2><h3 id='虚拟化实验图例'><span>虚拟化实验图例</span></h3><div class="md-diagram-panel md-fences-adv-panel"><svg id="mermaidChart0" width="100%" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" height="472.42681884765625" style="max-width: 430.0234375px;" viewBox="0 0.0000152587890625 430.0234375 472.42681884765625"><style>#mermaidChart0{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}#mermaidChart0 .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaidChart0 .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaidChart0 .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:2px;}#mermaidChart0 .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaidChart0 .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaidChart0 .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaidChart0 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaidChart0 .marker{fill:#333333;}#mermaidChart0 .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaidChart0 svg{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaidChart0 .label{font-family:sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaidChart0 .label text{fill:#333;}#mermaidChart0 .node rect,#mermaidChart0 .node circle,#mermaidChart0 .node ellipse,#mermaidChart0 .node polygon,#mermaidChart0 .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaidChart0 .node .label{text-align:center;}#mermaidChart0 .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaidChart0 .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaidChart0 .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:1.5px;}#mermaidChart0 .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaidChart0 .edgeLabel{background-color:#e8e8e8;text-align:center;}#mermaidChart0 .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:#e8e8e8;fill:#e8e8e8;}#mermaidChart0 .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaidChart0 .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaidChart0 div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80,100%,96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaidChart0:root{--mermaid-font-family:sans-serif;}#mermaidChart0:root{--mermaid-alt-font-family:sans-serif;}#mermaidChart0 flowchart{fill:apa;}</style><g><g class="output"><g class="clusters"><g class="cluster" id="flowchart-subGraph1-16" transform="translate(215.01171875,236.21342277526855)" style="opacity: 1;"><rect width="414.0234375" height="456.4268455505371" x="-207.01171875" y="-228.21342277526855"></rect><g class="label" transform="translate(0, -214.2134246826172)" id="mermaidChart0Text"><g transform="translate(-16.00260353088379,-12.500000953674316)"><foreignObject width="32.00520706176758" height="25"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: inline-block; 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white-space: nowrap;">虚拟机</div></foreignObject></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg></div><h3 id='验证虚拟化支持'><span>验证虚拟化支持</span></h3><p><span>1、虚拟化需要CPU支持（真机验证）</span></p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="shell "><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="shell "><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 9.25px; left: 7.99481px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@真机 ~]<span class="cm-comment"># grep -Po "vmx|svm" /proc/cpuinfo</span></span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-builtin">grep</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-Po</span> <span class="cm-string">"vmx|svm"</span> /proc/cpuinfo</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">vmx</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">... ...</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@真机 ~]<span class="cm-comment"># lsmod |grep kvm</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">kvm_intel &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class="cm-number">174841</span> &nbsp;<span class="cm-number">6</span> </span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">kvm &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class="cm-number">578518</span> &nbsp;<span class="cm-number">1</span> kvm_intel</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">irqbypass &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="cm-number">13503</span> &nbsp;<span class="cm-number">1</span> kvm</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 180px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 180px;"></div></div></div></pre><p><span>2、创建虚拟机 2cpu，4G内存（默认用户名: root  密码: a）</span><br/><span>      使用 windows 的同学，请使用 vmware 链接克隆一台新的虚拟机</span></p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="shell"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="shell"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 9.25px; left: 7.99481px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@真机 ~]<span class="cm-comment"># vm clonebase ecs</span></span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Domain ecs started &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [  OK  ]</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-comment">#------连接到 ecs 主机，设置主机名</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@localhost ~]<span class="cm-comment"># hostnamectl set-hostname ecs</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@localhost ~]<span class="cm-comment"># exit</span></span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 113px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 113px;"></div></div></div></pre><h3 id='安装虚拟化平台'><span>安装虚拟化平台</span></h3><h4 id='1安装-libvirtd-服务'><span>1、安装 libvirtd 服务</span></h4><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="shell"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="shell"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 9.25px; left: 7.99481px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># yum repolist</span></span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Loaded plugins: fastestmirror</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">repo id &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; repo name &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; status</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">BaseOS &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  CentOS Linux <span class="cm-number">7</span> <span class="cm-attribute">-</span> BaseOS &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class="cm-number">10</span>,072</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">repolist: <span class="cm-number">10</span>,072</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># yum install -y qemu-kvm libvirt-daemon libvirt-daemon-driver-qemu libvirt-client</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># systemctl enable --now libvirtd</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># virsh version</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Compiled against library: libvirt <span class="cm-number">4</span>.5.0</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Using library: libvirt <span class="cm-number">4</span>.5.0</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Using API: QEMU <span class="cm-number">4</span>.5.0</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Running hypervisor: QEMU <span class="cm-number">1</span>.5.3</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 293px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 293px;"></div></div></div></pre><h4 id='2创建网桥'><span>2、创建网桥 </span></h4><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="shell" style="break-inside: unset;"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="shell"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 9.25px; left: 7.99481px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># vim /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/vbr.xml</span></span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">&lt;network&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">  &lt;name&gt;vbr&lt;/name&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">  &lt;forward <span class="cm-def">mode</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'nat'</span>/&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">  &lt;bridge <span class="cm-def">name</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'vbr'</span> <span class="cm-def">stp</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'on'</span> <span class="cm-def">delay</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'0'</span>/&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">  &lt;ip <span class="cm-def">address</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'192.168.100.254'</span> <span class="cm-def">netmask</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'255.255.255.0'</span>&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> &nbsp;  &lt;dhcp&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> &nbsp; &nbsp;  &lt;range <span class="cm-def">start</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'192.168.100.128'</span> <span class="cm-def">end</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'192.168.100.200'</span>/&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> &nbsp;  &lt;/dhcp&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">  &lt;/ip&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">&lt;/network&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># yum install -y ebtables iptables dnsmasq</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># systemctl restart libvirtd</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># virsh net-define /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/vbr.xml</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># virsh net-list --all</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># virsh net-start vbr</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># virsh net-autostart vbr</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># ifconfig vbr # 验证</span></span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 405px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 405px;"></div></div></div></pre><h2 id='linux虚拟机'><span>Linux虚拟机</span></h2><h3 id='虚拟机磁盘row图例'><span>虚拟机磁盘ROW图例</span></h3><div class="md-diagram-panel md-fences-adv-panel"><svg id="mermaidChart1" width="100%" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" height="264.6334228515625" style="max-width: 658.7994995117188px;" viewBox="0 0 658.7994995117188 264.6334228515625"><style>#mermaidChart1{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}#mermaidChart1 .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaidChart1 .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaidChart1 .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:2px;}#mermaidChart1 .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaidChart1 .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaidChart1 .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaidChart1 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaidChart1 .marker{fill:#333333;}#mermaidChart1 .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaidChart1 svg{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaidChart1 .label{font-family:sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaidChart1 .label text{fill:#333;}#mermaidChart1 .node rect,#mermaidChart1 .node circle,#mermaidChart1 .node ellipse,#mermaidChart1 .node polygon,#mermaidChart1 .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaidChart1 .node .label{text-align:center;}#mermaidChart1 .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaidChart1 .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaidChart1 .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:1.5px;}#mermaidChart1 .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaidChart1 .edgeLabel{background-color:#e8e8e8;text-align:center;}#mermaidChart1 .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:#e8e8e8;fill:#e8e8e8;}#mermaidChart1 .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaidChart1 .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaidChart1 div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80,100%,96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaidChart1:root{--mermaid-font-family:sans-serif;}#mermaidChart1:root{--mermaid-alt-font-family:sans-serif;}#mermaidChart1 .mydisk &gt; 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white-space: nowrap;"><span>数据2</span></div></foreignObject></g></g><g class="node default U" id="flowchart-U1-34" transform="translate(31.50260353088379, 142.97505569458008)"><circle rx="0" ry="0" r="23.50260353088379" width="47.00520706176758" height="40"></circle><g class="label" style="" transform="translate(-16.00260353088379, -12.5)"><foreignObject width="32.00520706176758" height="25"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap;"><span>用户</span></div></foreignObject></g></g></g></g></g></svg></div><h3 id='创建虚拟机磁盘'><span>创建虚拟机磁盘  </span></h3><p><span>上传 cirros.qcow2 到虚拟机</span></p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="shell"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="shell"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 9.25px; left: 7.99481px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># cp cirros.qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/</span></span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># cd /var/lib/libvirt/images/</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b cirros.qcow2 vmhost.img 20G</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># qemu-img info vmhost.img #查看信息</span></span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 90px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 90px;"></div></div></div></pre><h3 id='虚拟机配置文件'><span>虚拟机配置文件</span></h3><p><span>官方文档地址 </span><a href='https://libvirt.org/format.html' target='_blank' class='url'>https://libvirt.org/format.html</a><span></span><br/><span>拷贝 node_base.xml 到虚拟机中</span></p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="shell"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="shell"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 9.25px; left: 7.99481px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><pre><span>xxxxxxxxxx</span></pre></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># cp node_base.xml /etc/libvirt/qemu/vmhost.xml</span></span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># vim /etc/libvirt/qemu/vmhost.xml</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-number">02</span>: &lt;name&gt;vmhost&lt;/name&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-number">03</span>: &lt;memory <span class="cm-def">unit</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'KB'</span>&gt;1024000&lt;/memory&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-number">04</span>: &lt;currentMemory <span class="cm-def">unit</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'KB'</span>&gt;1024000&lt;/currentMemory&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-number">05</span>: &lt;vcpu <span class="cm-def">placement</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'static'</span>&gt;2&lt;/vcpu&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-number">26</span>: &lt;source <span class="cm-def">file</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'/var/lib/libvirt/images/vmhost.img'</span>/&gt;</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-number">30</span>: &lt;source <span class="cm-def">bridge</span><span class="cm-operator">=</span><span class="cm-string">'vbr'</span>/&gt;</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 180px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 180px;"></div></div></div></pre><h3 id='创建虚拟机'><span>创建虚拟机</span></h3><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="shell" style="break-inside: unset;"><div class="CodeMirror cm-s-inner cm-s-null-scroll CodeMirror-wrap" lang="shell"><div style="overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 3px; height: 0px; top: 9.25px; left: 7.99481px;"><textarea autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" tabindex="0" style="position: absolute; bottom: -1em; padding: 0px; width: 1000px; height: 1em; outline: none;"></textarea></div><div class="CodeMirror-scrollbar-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-filler" cm-not-content="true"></div><div class="CodeMirror-scroll" tabindex="-1"><div class="CodeMirror-sizer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><div style="position: relative; top: 0px;"><div class="CodeMirror-lines" role="presentation"><div role="presentation" style="position: relative; outline: none;"><div class="CodeMirror-measure"><span><span>​</span>x</span></div><div class="CodeMirror-measure"></div><div style="position: relative; z-index: 1;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-code" role="presentation" style=""><div class="CodeMirror-activeline" style="position: relative;"><div class="CodeMirror-activeline-background CodeMirror-linebackground"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutter-background CodeMirror-activeline-gutter" style="left: 0px; width: 0px;"></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># virsh define /etc/libvirt/qemu/vmhost.xml</span></span></pre></div><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Domain vmhost defined from /etc/libvirt/qemu/vmhost.xml</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># virsh list --all</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> Id &nbsp;  Name &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; State</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span class="cm-attribute">----------------------------------------------------</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"> <span class="cm-attribute">-</span> &nbsp; &nbsp; vmhost &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; shut off</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># virsh start vmhost</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Domain vmhost started</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">[root@ecs ~]<span class="cm-comment"># virsh console vmhost # 两次回车</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Connected to domain vmhost</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">Escape character is ^]</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;"><span cm-text="" cm-zwsp="">
</span></span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">login as <span class="cm-string">'cirros'</span> user. default password: <span class="cm-string">'gocubsgo'</span>. use <span class="cm-string">'sudo'</span> <span class="cm-keyword">for</span> root.</span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">cirros login: </span></pre><pre class=" CodeMirror-line " role="presentation"><span role="presentation" style="padding-right: 0.1px;">退出使用 ctrl <span class="cm-operator">+</span> ]</span></pre></div></div></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; height: 0px; width: 1px; border-bottom: 0px solid transparent; top: 338px;"></div><div class="CodeMirror-gutters" style="display: none; height: 338px;"></div></div></div></pre><h3 id='常用管理命令'><span>常用管理命令</span></h3><figure><table><thead><tr><th><span>命令</span></th><th><span>说明</span></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span>virsh list [--all]</span></td><td><span>列出虚拟机</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh start/shutdown</span></td><td><span>启动/关闭虚拟机</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh destroy</span></td><td><span>强制停止虚拟机</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh define/undefine</span></td><td><span>创建/删除虚拟机</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh console</span></td><td><span>连接虚拟机的 console</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh edit</span></td><td><span>修改虚拟机的配置</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh autostart</span></td><td><span>设置虚拟机自启动</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh dominfo</span></td><td><span>查看虚拟机摘要信息</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh domiflist</span></td><td><span>查看虚拟机网卡信息</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh domblklist</span></td><td><span>查看虚拟机硬盘信息</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh net-list [--all]</span></td><td><span>列出虚拟网络</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh net-start</span></td><td><span>启动虚拟交换机</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh net-destroy</span></td><td><span>强制停止虚拟交换机</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh net-define</span></td><td><span>根据xml文件创建虚拟网络</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh net-undefine</span></td><td><span>删除一个虚拟网络设备</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh net-edit</span></td><td><span>修改虚拟交换机的配置</span></td></tr><tr><td><span>virsh net-autostart</span></td><td><span>设置开机自启动</span></td></tr></tbody></table></figure><h2 id='公有云简介'><span>公有云简介</span></h2><h3 id='云服务的三大模式'><span>云服务的三大模式：</span></h3><p><span>IaaS: 基础设施服务，Infrastructure-as-a-service</span><br/><span>PaaS: 平台服务，Platform-as-a-service</span><br/><span>SaaS: 软件服务，Software-as-a-service</span></p><h3 id='公有云私有云混合云'><span>公有云、私有云、混合云：</span></h3><p><span>公有云是第三方的云供应商，通过互联网为广大用户提供的一种按需使用的服务器资源，是一种云基础设施。</span><br/><span>私有云是一个企业或组织的专用云环境。一般在企业内部使用，不对外提供服务，因此它也被视为一种企业云。</span><br/><span>混合云是在私有云的基础上，组合一个或多个公有云资源，从而允许在不同云环境之间共享应用和数据的使用方式。</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p></div></div>
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